APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 FAX (520) 888-3329 ORDERS (520) 690-8601 EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com
FEATURES
HIGH VOLTAGE -- 900V (
450V)
LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT -- 600
A
HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT -- 10mA
APPLICATIONS
MASS SPECTROMETERS
SCANNING COILS
HIGH VOLTAGE INSTRUMENTATION
PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 880V
SEMICONDUCTOR MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT
DESCRIPTION
The PA97 is a high voltage MOSFET operational amplifier
designed as a low cost solution for driving continuous output
currents up to 10mA and pulse currents to 15mA into capaci-
tive loads. The safe operating area (SOA) has no second
breakdown limitations. The MOSFET output stage is biased
class C for low quiescent current operation. External compen-
sation provides flexibility in choosing bandwidth and slew rate
for the application. APEX's SIP05 package uses a minimum of
board space allowing for high density circuit boards.
EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC
LOW POWER, PIEZOELECTRIC POSITIONING
H T T P : / / W W W . A P E X M I C R O T E C H . C O M ( 8 0 0 ) 5 4 6 - A P E X ( 8 0 0 ) 5 4 6 - 2 7 3 9
M I C R O T E C H N O L O G Y
HIGH VOLTAGE POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
PA97
F
R
PA97
IN
R
PIEZO DRIVE
S
V
S
+V
OUT
V
COMPUTER
FOCUS
COMMAND
VOLTAGE
EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS
PACKAGE: SIP05
TYPICAL APPLICATION
Piezo positioning may be applied to the focusing of seg-
mented mirror systems. The composite mirror may be com-
posed of hundreds of elements, each requiring focusing under
computer control. In such complex systems the PA97 reduces
the costs of power supplies and cooling with its advantages of
low cost and low quiescent power consumption while increas-
ing circuit density with the SIP package.
Q1
Q2
R1 R2
C1
R3
Q3
CC1
CC2
Q6
Q5
R5
R7
R8
Q8
R10
R11
Q9
R4
Q4
Q6
Q7
OUT
Q10
R9
+V
S
IN
+IN
V
S
R6
12
1
2
10
8
6
4
PHASE COMPENSATION
GAIN
C
C
10
10pF
1
2
4
6
8
10
12
*
*
*
.01
F or greater ceramic power supply bypassing required.
IN
+IN
CC1
CC2
OUT
Vs
+Vs
C
c
*
Cc =10pF minimum, 1kV NPO(COG)
PATENT PENDING
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 USA APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SPECIFICATIONS
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +V
S
to V
S
900V
OUTPUT CURRENT, source, sink
15mA, within SOA
POWER DISSIPATION, continuous @ T
C
= 25
C
5W
INPUT VOLTAGE, differential
3
20V
INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode (See Text)
V
S
TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s max
220
C
TEMPERATURE, junction
2
150
C
TEMPERATURE, storage
65 to +150
C
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case
55 to +125
C
PA97
SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
1
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
INPUT
OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial
.5
5
mV
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature
Full temperature range
10
50
V/
C
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply
10
25
V/V
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. time
75
V/
kh
BIAS CURRENT, initial
200
2000
pA
BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply
4
pA/V
OFFSET CURRENT, initial
50
500
pA
INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC
10
11
INPUT CAPACITANCE
4
pF
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE
3
V
S
=
250V See Note 3
V
S
30
V
COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC
V
CM
=
90V
80
98
dB
NOISE
10KHz BW, R
S
= 1K
, C
C
= 10pF
2
Vrms
GAIN
OPEN LOOP, @ 15Hz
R
L
= 5K
, C
C
= 10pF
94
111
dB
GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT at 1MHz R
L
= 5K
, C
C
= 10pF
1
MHz
POWER BANDWIDTH
R
L
= 5K
, C
C
= 10pF
2
kHz
PHASE MARGIN, A
V
= 100
Full temperature range
60
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE SWING
3
I
O
= 10mA
V
S
24
V
S
20
V
CURRENT, continuous
10
mA
SLEW RATE, A
V
= 100
C
C
= 10pF
8
V/
s
SETTLING TIME to .1%
C
C
= 10pF, 2V step
2
s
RESISTANCE
10mA Load
100
POWER SUPPLY
VOLTAGE
5
See note 5
50
300
450
V
CURRENT, quiescent,
.6
1
mA
THERMAL
RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case
4
Full temperature range, F > 60Hz
20
C/W
RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case
Full temperature range, F < 60Hz
25
C/W
RESISTANCE, junction to air
Full temperature range
40
C/W
TEMPERATURE RANGE, case
25
+85
C
NOTES: 1.
Unless otherwise noted: T
C
= 25
C, DC input specifications are
value given. Power supply voltage is typical rating. C
C
= 10pF.
2.
Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation
to achieve high MTTF.
3.
Although supply voltages can range up to
450V the input pins cannot swing over this range. The input pins must be at least
30V from either supply rail but not more than 500V from either supply rail. See text for a more complete description of the
common mode voltage range.
4.
Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz.
5.
Derate max supply rating .625 V/
C below 25
C case. No derating needed above 25
C case.
CAUTION
The PA97 is constructed from MOSFET transistors. ESD handling procedures must be observed.
The exposed substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850
C to
avoid generating toxic fumes.
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 FAX (520) 888-3329 ORDERS (520) 690-8601 EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE
GRAPHS
PA97
TEMPERATURE, T (
C)
1M
.6M
2M
3M
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
PHASE RESPONSE
PHASE,
(
)
10
100
10K
1M
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, V (nV/ Hz)
-120
-140
-160
-180
-200
-220
OUTPUT CURRENT, I (mA)
INPUT NOISE
1K
2
7
10
20
3
5
15
N
O
VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY, V
V (V)
SO
SAFE OPERATING AREA
20
10
8
6
5
4
3
2
1
100
200
300 400
600
1000
C
C
=10pF
OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +V
S
OR
V
S
, (mA)
100
S
DC,T
C
=25
C
DC,T
C
=85
C
DC,T
C=125
C
SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL, V
S
V
O
(V)
1
10M
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
0
60
120
140
SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE
OPEN LOOP GAIN, A (dB)
20
40
80
100
100 1K 10K .1M 1M
10
C = 10pF
C
1.08
1.04
1.00
0.96
0.92
0.88
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
NORMALIZED QUIESCENT CURRENT, I(X)
TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, V
s
(V)
QUIESCENT CURRENT
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
14
13
12
11
10
9
0
2
4
6
8
10
POWER DERATING
INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W)
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
SWING FROM +V
S
SWING FROM -V
S
10K
30K
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
50
1K
500
POWER RESPONSE
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, V (V )
O
P-P
100
1K
C = 10pF
C
200
S
OPERATING
CONSIDERATIONS
PA97
GENERAL
Please read the "General Operating Considerations" sec-
tion, which covers stability, supplies, heatsinking, mounting,
current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpreta-
tion. Additional information can be found in the application
notes. For information on the package outline, heatsinks, and
mounting hardware, consult the "Accessory and Package
Mechanical Data" section of the handbook.
CURRENT LIMIT
The PA97 has no provision for current limiting the output.
COMMON MODE INPUT RANGE
Operational amplifiers are usually designed to have a com-
mon mode input voltage range that approximates the power
supply voltage range. However, to keep the cost as low as
possible and still meet the requirements of most applications
the common mode input voltage range of the PA97 is re-
stricted. The input pins must always be a least 30V from either
supply voltage but never more than 500V. This means that the
PA97 cannot be used in applications where the supply volt-
ages are extremely unbalanced. For example, supply volt-
ages of +800V and 100V would not be allowed in an applica-
tion where the non-inverting pin is grounded because in normal
operation both input pins would be at 0V and the difference
voltage between the positive supply and the input pins would
be 800V. In this kind of application, however, supply voltages
+500V and -100V does meet the input common mode voltage
range requirements since the maximum difference voltage
between the inputs pins and the supply voltage is 500V (the
maximum allowed). The output has no such restrictions on its
voltage swing. The output can swing within 24V of either
supply voltage regardless of value so long as the total supply
voltage does not exceed 900V.
INPUT PROTECTION
Although the PA97 can withstand differential input voltages
up to
20V, additional external protection is recommended. In
most applications 1N4148 or 1N914 signal diodes are suffi-
cient (D1, D2 in Figure 2a). In more demanding applications
where low leakage or low capacitance are of concern 2N4416
or 2N5457-2N5459 JFETs connected as diodes will be re-
quired (Q1, Q2 in Figure 2b). In either case the input differential
voltage will be clamped to
.7V. This is sufficient overdrive to
produce maximum power bandwidth. Note that this protection
does not automatically protect the amplifier from excessive
common mode input voltages.
POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION
Unidirectional zener diode transient suppressors are recom-
mended as protection on the supply pins. The zeners clamp
transients to voltages within the power supply rating and also
clamp power supply reversals to ground. Whether the zeners
are used or not, the system power supply should be evaluated
for transient performance including power-on overshoot and
power-off polarity reversal as well as line regulation.
Conditions which can cause open circuits or polarity rever-
sals on either power supply rail should be avoided or protected
against. Reversals or opens on the negative supply rail is
known to induce input stage failure. Unidirectional transzorbs
prevent this, and it is desirable that they be both electrically and
physically as close to the amplifier as possible.
EXTERNAL COMPONENTS
The compensation capacitor Cc must be rated for the total
supply voltage. 10pF NPO (COG)capacitor rated at 1kV is
recommended.
Of equal importance is the voltage rating and voltage coef-
ficient of the gain setting feedback resistor. Typical voltage
ratings of low wattage resistors are 150 to 250V. Up to 900 V
can appear across the feedback resistor. High voltage rated
resistors can be obtained. However a 1 megohm feedback
resistor composed of five 200k resistors in series will produce
the proper voltage rating.
CAUTIONS
The operating voltages of the PA97 are potentially lethal.
During circuit design develop a functioning circuit at the lowest
possible voltages. Clip test leads should be used for "hands
off" measurements while troubleshooting. With no internal
current limit, proper choice of load impedance and supply
voltage is required to meed SOA limitiations. An output short
circuit will destroy the amplifier within milliseconds.
STABILITY
The PA97 is stable at gains of 10 or more with a NPO (COG)
compensation capacitor of 10pF. The compensation capaci-
tor, Cc, in the external connections diagram must be rated at
1000V working voltage and mounted closely to pins 4 and 6 to
prevent spurious oscillation. A compensation capacitor less
than 10pF is not recommended.
PA97
+V
S
IN
+IN
Z1
Z2
D2
D1
12
10
1
2
+V
S
IN
+IN
Z1
Z2
12
10
1
2
PA97
Q1
Q2
A.
B.
V
S
V
S
This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice.
PA97U REV. C MARCH 2001
2001 Apex Microtechnology Corp.
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