MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
1
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc.525 Race St.San JoseCA95126(408)295-9800telwww.icst.com
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Pin Assignment
The MK712 Touch Screen Controller IC provides
all the screen drive, A to D converter and control
circuits to easily interface to 4-wire analog resistive
touch screens.
The IC continually monitors the screen waiting
for a touch. In this mode, the supply current is
typically 0.5A. When the screen is touched, the
IC performs analog to digital conversions to
determine the location of the touch, stores the X
and Y locations in the registers, and issues an
interrupt. This process is repeated up to 197 times
per second until no further screen touches are
detected, at which time the low current mode is
resumed.
Block Diagram
Description
Features
XH
XL
Fully integrated, lowest power solution
Low standby current of 0.5A (typical) at 5.0V
Active current while converting less than 10 mA
Resolves 350 dots/inch on 10.5" display
Maximum speed of 197 points/second
Ratiometric conversion may eliminate screen
calibration
Automatically wakes up and goes back to standby
3.3V or 5V supply
12 bit A/D converter
Simplifies the writing of software for touch screens
Extended temperature range available
Capacitors are the only external components
required
Touch screen is directly driven - no external
transistors are required
Programmable conversion rate
A to D Converter is monotonic
Parallel interface
See the MK715 for a serial interface
YH
YL
(14.318 MHz)
12 Bit A/D,
Screen Driver
and
Controller
D0-D7
A0-A2
CS
STATUS LOW
STATUS HIGH
X-LOW
X-HIGH
CONTROL
0
1
2
3
4
INT
TOUCH
CLKIN
YH
INT
XH
XL
VDD
VDD
TOUCH
YL
GND
CS
NC
GND
D0
GND
D1
D5
VDD
D3
D4
D2
D6
D7
A2
A0
A1
CLKIN
REGISTERS
RD
Y-LOW
Y-HIGH
RATE
5
6
7
WR
RD
WR
1
14
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
28
15
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
8
3
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
2
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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Number
Name
Type
Description
1
NC
-
No Connect
2
INT
O
Interrupt. Goes high to signal an interrupt. Cleared on next read.
3
TOUCH
O
Touch signal. Goes low when screen is touched. Goes high when not touched.
4
VDD
P
Connect to +5V or +3.3V.*
5
VDD
P
Connect to +5V or +3.3V.*
6
XH
TS
Connect to X-high on touch screen. (Right side)
7
XL
TS
Connect to X-low on touch screen. (Left side)
8
YH
TS
Connect to Y-high on touch screen. (Top)
9
YL
TS
Connect to Y-low on touch screen. (Bottom)
10
GND
P
Connect to ground.
11
GND
P
Connect to ground.
12
WR
I
Write enable. Active low.
13
RD
I
Read enable. Active low.
14
CS
I
Chip select. Active low.
15
A2
I
Register address 2.
16
A1
I
Register address 1.
17
A0
I
Register address 0.
18
CLKIN
I
Clock input. Typically 14.3 MHz. Best if driven by a MicroClock clock synthesizer.
19
D7
I/O
Data bit 7.
20
D6
I/O
Data bit 6.
21
GND
P
Connect to ground.
22
VDD
P
Connect to +5V or +3.3V.*
23
D5
I/O
Data bit 5.
24
D4
I/O
Data bit 4.
25
D3
I/O
Data bit 3.
26
D2
I/O
Data bit 2.
27
D1
I/O
Data bit 1.
28
D0
I/O
Data bit 0.
Pin Descriptions
Key: I = Input, O = Output, I/O = Input and Output, P = Power, TS = Touch Screen pin..
*Note: All VDD's must be connected to the same voltage.
Interrupts
Interrupts are controlled by register 6 (see Register Description). The INT pin (pin 2) goes high to
signal an interrupt. Interrupts are then cleared by reading any register. However, if the MK712 is in the
process of generating an interrupt during a read cycle, then the interrupt is not cleared and INT will stay
high. This internal process may take 100ns, and so to guarantee that the interrupt is cleared, two
successive read cycles may be necessary.
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
3
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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IC Operation
(Periodic Conversions Enabled)
Power ON
Is
Screen
Touched?
Write D4, D5 Reg 0 And
D2, D3 Reg 1 To 1
Issue Interrupt
(If Enabled)
Store Y Co-Ordinates In
Reg 4 and Reg 5
Store X Co-Ordinates in
Reg 2 and Reg 3
Convert
Y Co-Ordinates
Convert
X Co-Ordinates
Write D7 Reg 0 To 1
Issue Interrupt
(If Enabled)
Write D4, D5 Reg 0 And
D2, D3 Reg 1 To 0
Issue Interrupt
(if Enabled)
N
Y
Is
Screen
Touched?
N
Y
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
4
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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Register Description
The MK712 register set is designed to be compatible with the Gazelle pen digitizer registers allowing a
software driver for the Gazelle digitizer to be used with the MicroClock MK712. The eight 8-bit registers
are defined below:
STATUS HIGH (1 READ)
Always zero
1 = touch
1 = conversion complete,
cleared on Y-HIGH read
STATUS LOW (0 READ)
NOTE: When the screen is touched bits 4 and 5,
register 0, and bits 2 and 3 of register 1 are all set to one.
Always zero
1 = touch
Always zero
X-LOW (2 READ)
Low order bits of X co-ordinate
Y-LOW (4 READ)
Low order bits of Y co-ordinate
High order bits of Y co-ordinate
Always zero
Count controls frequency of
conversion when periodic
conversions are enabled. See
table on page 5.
NOTE: Bits 2 or 3 and bits 6 or 7 are logically OR'd. For
example writing bit 2 or bit 3 to a one will enable interrupts
on change in touch status.
1 = enable interrupts
1 = interrupt on conversion
complete ( if bit 0 = 1)
1 = interrupt on change in
touch status (if bit 0 = 1)
1 = enable periodic conversions at
rate indicated by RATE register
1 = read one point. Cleared when
conversion complete. Only functions
when bit 4 = 0
0 = powerdown (PD). Conversions,
interrupts and TOUCH output disabled
1 = powerdown (PD). Conversions,
interrupts and TOUCH output
disabled.
X-HIGH (3 READ)
High order bits of X co-ordinate
Always zero
7
1
0
3
2
5
4
6
7
1
0
3
2
5
4
6
7
1
0
3
2
5
4
6
7
1
0
3
2
5
4
6
7
1
0
3
2
5
4
6
RATE (7 R/W)
7
1
0
3
2
5
4
6
1 = interrupt on change in
touch status (if bit 0 = 1)
CONTROL (6 R/W)
7
1
0
3
2
5
4
6
Always zero
Y-HIGH (5 READ)
7
1
0
3
2
5
4
6
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
5
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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Rate Register (Register 7) Programming
Count
P.P.S.
Count
P.P.S.
Count
P.P.S.
0 to 8
Not Permitted
28
95
100
32
9
197
29
93
105
31
10
187
30
90
110
29
11
177
31
88
115
28
12
169
32
86
120
27
13
161
33
84
125
26
14
154
34
82
130
25
15
147
35
80
135
24
16
141
40
72
140
24
17
136
45
65
145
23
18
131
50
60
150
22
19
126
55
55
155
21
20
122
60
51
165
20
21
118
65
47
175
19
22
114
70
44
185
18
23
110
75
42
195
17
24
107
80
39
205
16
25
104
85
37
225
15
26
101
90
35
235
14
27
98
95
34
255
13
P.P.S. = Points Per Second. With a 14.318 MHz clock.
The formula for determining P.P.S. is:
P.P.S. =
35716 + (4096 x COUNT)
fin
Where fin is the frequency
of the CLKIN input.
Initializing the MK712
The interrupt on the MK712 can only be cleared by reading a register or by writing register 6 to the
power down condition. After a fault condition, initialize the MK712 by writing register 6 to zero and
then writing register 6 to the desired value. This will always clear pending interrupts.
Calculating Points Per Second
On application of power, an internal reset is generated that clears all bits in registers 0, 1, and 6. Register 7 is
set to 32 giving a rate of 86 PPS. Note that clearing register 6 puts the IC into the power down condition.
Power-On Reset
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
6
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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Recommended Circuit
YH
INT
XH
XL
TOUCH
YL
GND
CS
RD
GND
D0 - D7
VDD
A0 - A2
CLKIN
VDD
VDD
GND
From
Microprocessor
14.318 MHz
To Power Management
To Interrupt Controller
X HIGH
X LOW
Y HIGH
Y LOW
To
Touch
Screen
0.1F
0.1F
22F
+3.3V or +5V
WR
0.1F
0.1F
0.01F 0.01F
Pen Bounce
When the screen is untouched, the Y plate is driven high and the X plate is driven low. When the screen is
touched, the X plate is pulled high, which is detected by the MK712. This initiates a conversion (as long as
periodic conversions are enabled). Some de-bounce is provided by the time constant of the screen
decoupling capacitors combined with the screen resistance. However, once conversions have started, pen
bounce will not be detected until after both the X and Y points have been taken.
If the pen is lifted during a conversion, this will also not be detected until the conversion is complete. This is
typically indicated by a point with the correct Y coordinates, but minimum (for that screen) X coordinates.
Screen Decoupling
The component values suggested should give excellent results. However, for screens with a high
resistance operating at a high conversion rate, extra interrupts may be issued. This is because the time
constant of the screen decoupling capacitors and screen resistance is high, resulting in the screen
appearing to be untouched and then touched between conversions. These extra interrupts can be
eliminated by reducing the size of the screen decoupling capacitors on pins XH, XL, YH, and YL.
This will, however, slightly reduce the noise rejection, which could decrease the accuracy of the
conversion.
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
7
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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Resistive Touch Screen (4 Wire)
Resistive touch screens consist of 2 resistive plates that are separated by a small gap. Each plate has an
electrode at each end and when the screen is touched, the two plates are shorted together at that point.
Y PLATE
X PLATE
Electrode
XH
YL
XL
YH
If a voltage is applied, for example, between XL and XH, then a voltage divider is formed on the X
PLATE. When the Y PLATE is touched to the X PLATE, a voltage will be developed on the Y PLATE
that is proportional to distance of the touch from XL and XH. By accurately measuring this voltage, the
position of the touch can be determined.
Power Down/Stopping the Clock
If the screen is untouched, the supply current is under 3A. If the input clock is stopped, the supply
current is also less than 3A. When the screen is touched with no clock, TOUCH goes low and INT
goes high, but no further operations occur until the clock starts. A to D conversions are invalid until
after the clock has stabilized at the correct frequency and one full conversion cycle has been
completed.
Input Clock
The MK712 is highly tolerant of different clock frequencies (from 12 to 20 MHz), rise times, and
duty cycles. However, any input clock undershoot or overshoot will cause the MK712 to draw extra
current. This can be eliminated by using a MicroClock clock synthesizer and properly terminating
the clock driver. MicroClock makes low power clock synthesizers with 14.3 MHz power down.
Optimizing Performance when Reading and Writing Registers
Reading and writing the MK712 generates digital noise that may reduce the accuracy of the A to D
converter. This noise has several causes, including board layout, data bus loading, and power supply
voltage. By appropriately timing the register operations, the effects of this noise can be minimized.
After an interrupt is issued, the MK712 allows a minimum of 1 millisecond to elapse before
initiating the conversion cycle. This allows the screen drivers to settle. For best performance,
complete all register operations within this 1ms window after an interrupt.
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
8
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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Read Register 0 D7D5, store as D7D5(n)
Wait for Interrupt
Is D7D5(n-1) = 11b
and D7D5(n) =11b?
No
Yes
Write point n-1 to display
Recommended Method for Reading Points
If the user is pressing lightly on the touch screen, it is likely that the screen contact will be intermittent.
The screen will bounce, causing false points. This effect can be reduced by insuring that the screen is
touched both before and after a conversion. By doing this, the first and last point in a series of points
are discarded. The following algorithm checks that a point has valid touches both before and after a
conversion, and it distinguishes between change-in-touch interrupts and conversion complete
interrupts. Register 6 bits 0, 1, and 2 must all be true (logical 1) in order to use this method.
Are this point and the previous point valid?
(11b = binary 11)
Write previous point.
Start
Interrupt
Increment
n
Read X and Y, store as point n
Warning - When Using a Switching Regulator Power Supply
When using the MK712 in a system where the power is supplied by a switching regulator, do not
perform screen conversions when the regulator is operating in the power saving mode. Some switching
regulators feature a low power mode (for example, Linear Technology's "Burst Mode") where the
output is turned on and off in order to save power. The extra power supply noise generated when using
this mode causes spurious data points to be returned from the MK712, so it should be disabled when
the MK712 is doing screen conversions.
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
9
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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XH
XL
YL
MK712
FULL
SCALE
(4095)
X
CO-ORDINATE
BOARD AND WIRE
INTERCONNECT
SCREEN
INTERCONNECT
SCREEN
SCREEN
INTERCONNECT
BOARD AND WIRE
INTERCONNECT
Analog to Digital Converter Operation
The 12-bit ADC converts X and Y co-ordinates at a rate determined by registers 6 and 7. The
converter uses a ratiometric technique to give absolute co-ordinates on the screen, largely independent
of variations in screen resistance, temperature or power supply voltage. The total voltage applied across
the screen is defined as full-scale for the converter (i.e. 4095) and any point touched on the screen is
proportional to this. For example, if the screen is touched exactly in the center, the converter will read
2047. This feature may allow for the elimination of calibration upon startup.
However, the full scale voltage is defined at the IC pins and so any parasitic interconnect resistance will
be included in full scale. In addition, the interconnect resistances on the screen also account for about
20% of the total resistance. This means that approximately the bottom 10% and top 10% of full scale
are inaccessible.
The converter is guaranteed to be monotonic, with no missing codes.
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
10
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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Electrical Specifications
Notes:
1. Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings could cause permanent damage to the device. Prolonged
exposure to levels above the operating limits but below the Absolute Maximums may affect device reliability.
2. Consult MicroClock about the best device to use to generate the input clock.
3. With no missing codes.
4. Assumes no 14.3MHz input clock overshoot, 300
screen, 100 PPS
5. Assumes no 14.3MHz input clock overshoot, no touch
6. With no touch, no clock
Parameter
Conditions
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (note 1)
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (note 1)
Supply voltage, VDD
Referenced to GND
7
V
Inputs and Clock Outputs
Referenced to GND
-0.5
VDD+0.5
V
Ambient Operating Temperature
0
70
C
Soldering Temperature
Max of 20 seconds
260
C
Storage temperature
-65
150
C
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Voltage, VDD
3.0
5.5
V
Input High Voltage, VIH
VDD=5V
2.0
V
Input Low Voltage, VIL
VDD=5V
0.8
V
Output High Voltage, VOH
IOH=-2mA
VDD-0.4
V
Output High Voltage, VOH
VDD=5V, IOH=-12mA
2.4
V
Output Low Voltage, VOL
VDD=5V, IOL=12mA
0.4
V
Input High Voltage, VIH
VDD=3.3V
1.9
V
Input Low Voltage, VIL
VDD=3.3V
0.4
V
Output High Voltage, VOH
VDD=3.3V, IOH=-6mA
2.4
V
Output Low Voltage, VOL
VDD=3.3V, IOL=6mA
0.4
V
Operating Supply Current, IDD, at VDD=5V
300
screen, 100 PPS
5
mA
Operating Supply Current, IDD, at VDD=3.3V
note 4
3
mA
Operating Supply Current, IDD standby, clock
note 5
0.5
3
A
Operating Supply Current, IDD standby
note 6
0.5
3
A
Operating Supply Current, IDD power down
PD=0 or PD=1, no clock
0.2
3
A
Short Circuit Current
Each output
50
mA
Input Capacitance
7
pF
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Input Clock Frequency, pin 18
Note 2
12
14.32
20
MHz
Input Clock Duty Cycle, pin 18
at 1.5V
25
75
%
Output Rise Time
0.8 to 2.0V, VDD=5V
3
ns
Output Fall Time
2.0 to 0.8V, VDD=5V
3
ns
Resolution
12
bits
Non-linearity
Monotonic, note 3
2
LSB
Touch Screen Resistance
100
2000
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
11
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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Register Interface Timing
#
Symbol
Description
Min
Max
Unit
Note
READ AND WRITE CYCLES
READ AND WRITE CYCLES
READ AND WRITE CYCLES
1
TRASC
Address Setup to CS Low
5
ns
2
TRAHC
Address Hold from CS High
0
ns
3
TRCCY
CS High to CS Low
40
ns
READ CYCLE ONLY
READ CYCLE ONLY
READ CYCLE ONLY
4
TRSCR
CS Low to RD Low
10
ns
5
TRRD
RD Pulse Width
40
ns
6
TRCHR1
RD High to CS High
0
ns
7
TRCHR2
RD High to CS Low
40
ns
8
TRDC
CS Low to Data
35
ns
9
TRDR
RD Low to Data
35
ns
10
TRDHC
CS High to Data Release
2
20
ns
1
11
TRDHR
RD High to Data Release
2
20
ns
1
WRITE CYCLE ONLY
WRITE CYCLE ONLY
WRITE CYCLE ONLY
12
TRCSW
CS Low to WR Low
10
ns
13
TRWR
WR Pulse Width
40
ns
14
TRCHW
WR High to CS High
0
ns
2
15
TRWH
WR High to CS Low
40
ns
16
TRWCY
WR High to WR Low
40
ns
17
TRDW
Data Setup to WR High
15
ns
3
18
TRDHW
Data Hold from WR High
15
ns
4
19
TRDWC
Data Setup to CS High
15
ns
3
20
TRDHWC
Data Hold from CS High
15
ns
4
Notes:
1. RD edges may precede or follow CS edges.
2. WR edges may precede or follow CS edges.
3. Either TRDW or TRDWC specification must be met.
4. Either TRDHW or TRDHWC specification must be met.
5. It is not permitted to have both RD and WR low at the same time.
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
12
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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Register Read
1
2
3
5
6
7
8
11
10
9
Register Write
1
2
3
12
13
15
16
19
20
18
17
14
4
D0 - D7
RD
CS
A0 - A2
D0 - D7
WR
CS
A0 - A2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
100
1000
10000
MK712 Power Supply Current vs. Touchscreen Resistance
Vdd= 5 V
197 points per second
147 points per second
86 points per second
13 points per second
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
100
1000
10000
197 points per second
147 points per second
86 points per second
13 points per second
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
13
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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MK712 Power Supply Current vs. Touchscreen Resistance
VDD=3.3V
MK712 Power Supply Current vs. Touchscreen Resistance
VDD=5V
Graph 1
Graph 2
Touchscreen Resistance (
)
Touchscreen Resistance (
)
IDD
(mA)
IDD
(mA)
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
14
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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MK712 Power Supply Current vs. Conversion Rate
Screen Resistance = 320
Conversion Rate (Points Per Second)
IDD
(mA)
VDD=3.3V
VDD=5V
Graph 3
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
50
100
150
200
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
15
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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Suggested Layout
G
G
G
V
V
G = connection to ground plane
V = connection to VDD plane
0.1F
0.1F
0.01F
0.1F 0.1F
0.01F
22F
To
Touch
Screen
Pin 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Notes:
1. The 14.318 MHz input clock on pin 18 should have a 33
series termination resistor at its source.
Consult MicroClock for the best way to generate this clock.
2. All digital signals should be kept well away from pins 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, and any traces
connected to those pins.
MK712
Touch Screen Controller
MDS 712 I
16
Revision 100899 Printed 11/16/00
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b
D
E
H
e
Q
c
h x 45
Package Outline and Package Dimensions
28 pin SOIC wide
Ordering Information
Part/Order Number
Marking
Package
Temperature
MK712S
MK712S
28 pin SOIC
0 to +70C
MK712STR
MK712S
Add tape and reel
0 to +70C
MK712SI
MK712SI
28 pin SOIC
-30 to +70C
MK712SITR
MK712SI
Add tape and reel -30 to +70C
MK712R
MK712R
28 pin SSOP
0 to +70C
MK712RTR
MK712R
Add tape and reel
0 to +70C
MK712RI
MK712RI
28 pin SSOP
-30 to +70C
MK712RITR
MK712RI
Add tape and reel -30 to +70C
Inches
Inches
Millimeters
Millimeters
Symbol
Min
Max
Min
Max
A
0.092
0.104
2.3368
2.6416
b
0.014
0.019
0.356
0.483
c
0.009
0.012
0.229
0.305
D
0.696
0.712
17.678
18.085
E
0.290
0.300
7.366
7.620
H
0.394
0.419
10.008
10.643
e .050 BSC
.050 BSC
1.27 BSC
1.27 BSC
h
0.016
0.406
Q
0.003
0.011
0.076
0.279
A
While the information presented herein has been checked for both accuracy and reliability, Integrated Circuit Systems, Incorporated (ICS) assumes no responsibility for either its
use or for the infringement of any patents or other rights of third parties, which would result from its use. No other circuits, patents, or licenses are implied. This product is
intended for use in normal commercial applications. Any other applications such as those requiring special processing, high reliability, or other extraordinary environmental
requirements are not recommended without additional processing by ICS. ICS reserves the right to change any circuitry or specifications without notice. ICS does not authorize or
warrant any ICS product for use in life support devices or critical medical instruments.
1995 ICS/MicroClock
28 pin SSOP (QSOP)
Millimeters
Millimeters
Symbol
Min
Max
A
1.55
1.73
b
0.203
0.305
c
0.190
0.254
D
9.780
10.160
E
3.810
4.064
H
5.840
6.223
e 0.635 BSC
0.635 BSC
h
0.410
Q
0.127
0.254
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