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Электронный компонент: PAC80

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ispPAC 80
In-System Programmable Analog Circuit
pac80_03
1
TM
Copyright 2000 Lattice Semiconductor Corp. All brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. The specifications and information herein are subject
to change without notice.
LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORP., 5555 Northeast Moore Ct., Hillsboro, Oregon 97124, U.S.A.
March 2000
Tel. (503) 268-8000; 1-888-477-7537; FAX (503) 268-8037; http://www.latticesemi.com
Functional Block Diagram
Features
IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMABLE (ISPTM) ANALOG
-- Instrument Amplifier Gain Stage
-- Precision Active Filtering (50kHz to 500kHz)
-- Continuous-Time Fifth Order Low Pass Topology
-- Dual, A/B Configuration Memory
-- Non-Volatile E
2
CMOS Cells
-- IEEE 1149.1 JTAG Serial Port Programming
UNIQUE FLEXIBILITY AND PERFORMANCE
-- Programmable Gain Range (0dB to 20dB)
-- Implements Multiple Filter Types: Elliptical,
Chebyshev, Bessel, Butterworth, Linear Phase,
Gaussian and Legendre
-- Low Distortion (THD < -74dB max @ 100kHz)
-- Auto-Calibrated Input Offset Voltage
TRUE DIFFERENTIAL I/O
-- High CMR (58dB) Instrument Amplifier Input
-- 2.5V Common Mode Reference on Chip
-- Rail-to-Rail Voltage Outputs
SINGLE SUPPLY 5V OPERATION
-- Power Dissipation of 165mW
-- 16-Pin Plastic SOIC, PDIP Packages
APPLICATIONS INCLUDE INTEGRATED
-- Single +5V Supply Signal Conditioning
-- Programmable Filters With Fully Differential I/O
-- Analog Front Ends, 12-Bit Data Acq. Systems
-- DSP System Front End Signal Conditioning
-- High-Performance Reconstruction Filters
Typical Application Diagram
Description
The ispPAC80 is a member of the Lattice family of In-System
Programmable analog circuits, digitally configured via non-
volatile E
2
CMOS
technology.
Analog building blocks, called PACellTM(s), replace traditional
analog components such as opamps, eliminating the need for
external resistors and capacitors. With no requirement for
external configuration components, ispPAC80 expedites the
design process, simplifying prototype circuit implementation
and change, while providing high-performance integrated func-
tionality. With all components on chip, there is no longer a
concern of performance degradation due to component mis-
match or other external factors. The ispPAC80 provides reliable
and repeatable performance, every time.
Designers configure the ispPAC80 and verify its performance
using PAC-DesignerTM, an easy to use, Microsoft Windows
compatible program. A filter configuration database is provided
whereby thousands of different configurations can be realized.
No special understanding of filter synthesis is required beyond
that of general specifications such as corner frequency and
stopband attenuation, etc. The software lists the possible
choices that meet the designer's specifications which can then
be loaded directly into either of two device
(A/B) configurations from the lookup table. Device program-
ming is supported using PC parallel port I/O operations.
The ispPAC80 is configured through its IEEE Standard 1149.1
compliant serial port. The flexible In-System Programming
capability enables programming, verification and reconfig-
uration, if desired, directly on the printed circuit board.
Vin
VREFout
A/B & Gain
SPI Control
Reference
Ain-
Ain+
12-Bit Differential
DSP
Input ADC
ispPAC80
5V
5V
5V
OUT+
OUT
IN+
IN
VS
VREFOUT
TEST
TEST
E2CMOS Cfg A
Ref & Auto-Cal
ISP Control
E2CMOS Cfg B
IA
OA
5th Order LPF
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
TDI
TDO
TCK
TMS
GND
CAL
ENSPI
CS
ispPAC80
Specifications
ispPAC80
2
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Analog Input
V
IN
(1)
Input Voltage Range
Applied to Either V
IN+
or V
IN-
1
4
V
V
IN-DIFF
Differential Input Voltage Swing (2)
2| V
IN+
V
IN-|
6
V
p-p
V
OS
(2)
Differential Offset Voltage (Input Referred)
G = 10
30
200
V
G = 1
0.3
2
mV
V
OS
/
T
Differential Offset Voltage Drift
-40 to +85
C
40
V/
C
R
IN
Input Resistance
10
9
C
IN
Input Capacitance
2
pF
I
B
Input Bias Current
at DC
1
pA
e
N
Input Noise Voltage Density
At 10kHz, Referred to Input, G = 10
80
nV/
Hz
Analog Output
V
OUT
Output Voltage Range
Present at Either V
OUT+
or V
OUT
0.1
4.9
V
V
OUT-DIFF
Differential Output Voltage Swing (2)
2| V
OUT+
V
OUT
|
9.6
V
p-p
I
OUT
Output Current
Source/Sink
10
mA
V
CM
Common Mode Output Voltage
(V
OUT+
+ V
OUT-
)/2
2.495
2.5
2.505
V
Static Performance
G
Programmable Gain Range
Input Gain Amplifier (1, 2, 5, 10)
0
20
dB
Gain Error
R
L
= 300
Differential
0.5
2.5
%
G
/
T
Gain Drift
-40 to +85
C
20
ppm/
C
PSR
Power Supply Rejection
Differential at 1kHz
80
dB
Single-ended at 1kHz
70
dB
Common Mode Reference Output (VREF
OUT
)
VREF
OUT
Reference Output Voltage Range
Nominally 2.500V
-0.2
0.2
%
Reference Output Voltage Drift
-40 to +85
C
50
ppm/
C
IREF
OUT
Reference Output Current
(VREF
OUT
=
1%) Source
50
A
(VREF
OUT
=
1%) Sink
350
A
Reference Output Noise Voltage
10MHz Bandwidth
40
V
RMS
Reference Power Supply Rejection
1kHz
80
dB
Programming
Erase/Reprogram Cycles
10K
1M
cycles
Digital I/O
V
IL
Input Low Voltage
0
0.8
V
V
IH
Input High Voltage
2
V
S
V
I
IL
,
I
IH
Input Leakage Current
0V
TCK,ENSPI,CAL Input
VS
-10/+40
A
0V
TDI,TMS,CSb Inputs
VS
-70/+10
A
V
OL
Output Low Voltage (TDO)
I
OL
= 4.0mA
0.5
V
V
OH
Output High Voltage (TDO)
I
OH
= -1.0mA
2.4
V
T
A
= 25
C; V
S
= 5.0V; 1V
<
V
OUT
< 4V; Gain = 1; Output load = 200pF, 1M
. Filter configuration = CC051042, F
P
= 50kHz;
Auto-Cal initiated immediately prior. (Unless otherwise specified).
DC Electrical Characteristics
Specifications
ispPAC80
3
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Dynamic Performance (4)
SNR
Signal to Noise (G=1 to 10)
0.1Hz to 500kHz, F
C
= 500kHz
83
dB
THD
Total Harmonic Distortion (Differential)
F
IN
= 10kHz, V
IN
= 6Vp-p
-90
-74
dB
Single-Ended
F
IN
= 10kHz, V
IN
= 6Vp-p
-80
dB
Differential (F
P
= 500kHz)
F
IN
= 100kHz, V
IN
= 6Vp-p
-90
-74
dB
Single-Ended (F
P
= 500kHz)
F
IN
= 100kHz, V
IN
= 6Vp-p
-74
dB
CMR
Common Mode Rejection (V
IN
= 1V to 4V)
10kHz
60
50
dB
Note: V
IN+
and V
IN-
connected together
100kHz, F
C
= 500kHz
60
dB
Filter Characteristics (4)
F
C
Corner Frequency Programming Range
Elliptic Filter Families
50
500
kHz
|F
C
|
Absolute Corner Frequency Accuracy
Deviation From Calculated -3dB point
F
C
= 50, 200 or 500kHZ
0.6
3
%
F
C
Maximum Delta Between Corner
50kHz to 500kHz
3.7
%
Frequencies
F
C
/
T
Corner Frequency Delta vs. Temperature
F
C
= 50kHz
0.03
%/
C
F
C
= 500kHz
0.05
F
C
/
V
Corner Frequency Delta vs. Supply Voltage
F
C
= 50kHz
0.09
%/V
Elliptic Filter Response (5)
Passband Ripple
F
C
= 50kHz
0.1
dB
F
C
= 500kHz
0.5
dB
Power Supplies
V
S
Operating Supply Voltage
4.75
5
5.25
V
I
S
Supply Current
V
S
= 5.0V
33
40
mA
P
D
Power Dissipation
V
S
= 5.0V
210
mW
Temperature Range
Operation
-40
85
C
Storage
-65
150
C
AC Electrical Characteristics
Notes: (1) A wider input range of 0.7V to 4.3V is typical, but not guaranteed. Inputs larger than this will be clipped. Input signals are also subject
to common-mode voltage limitations. Refer to the table of conditions in this datasheet. (2) Refer to theory of operation section later in this datasheet
for explanation of differential voltage swing computation. (3) To insure full spec performance an additional auto-calibration should be performed
after initial turn-on and the device reaches thermal stability. (4) Although many hundreds of thousands of filter configurations are available using
ispPAC80, not every type will have corner frequencies available from exactly 50kHz to 500kHz, depending on the tables available from within PAC-
Designer filter design tools. The general specifications given under this heading are realized using the Elliptic filter types. (5) A Cauer elliptic filter
of type CC051042 (see datasheet text) is used to guarantee these specific filter accuracy specifications. It is assumed that all other configurations
available in PAC-Designer will exhibit equivalent performance according to the applicability of the individual filter type. Necessary limitations will
apply, however, when specifications do not directly apply. See the data sheet text, application notes and guides in PAC-Designer for specific filter
type considerations.
Specifications
ispPAC80
4
Supply Voltage V
S
....................................... -0.5 to +7V
Logic and Analog Input Voltage Applied ........... 0 to V
S
Logic and Analog Output Short Circuit Duration ..... Indefinite
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) .............. 260
C
Ambient Temperature with Power Applied ... -55 to 125
C
Storage Temperature ................................ -65 to 150
C
Note: Stresses above those listed may cause permanent
damage to the device. These are stress only ratings and
functional operation of the device at these or at any other
conditions above those indicated in the operational sec-
tions of this specification is not implied.
ispPAC80 Ordering Information
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Package Options
Part Number Description
ispPAC80-01PI
16-Pin PDIP
ispPAC80-01SI
16-Pin SOIC
Package
Ordering Number
1
ispP
A
C
80
Device Family
Device Number
Performance Grade
Package
Grade
01 = Standard
P = PDIP, S = SOIC
I = Industrial Temperature
ispPAC 80 XX X X
1 ispP
A
C
80
16-pin PDIP
16-pin SOIC
Specifications
ispPAC80
5
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Dynamic Performance
tckmin
Minimum Clock Period
200
ns
tckh
TCK High Time
50
ns
tckl
TCK Low Time
50
ns
tmss
TMS Setup Time
15
ns
tmsh
TMS Hold Time
10
ns
tdis
TDI Setup Time
15
ns
tdih
TDI Hold Time
10
ns
tdozx
TDO Float to Valid Delay
60
ns
tdov
TDO Valid Delay
60
ns
tdoxz
TDO Valid to Float Delay
60
ns
tpwp
Time for a programming operation
Executed in Run-Test/Idle
80
100
ms
tpwe
Time for an erase operation
Executed in Run-Test/Idle
80
100
ms
tpwcal1
Time for auto-cal operation on power-up
Automatically executed at power-up
250
ms
tcalmin
Minimum auto-cal pulse width
40
ns
tpwcal2
Time for user initiated auto-cal operation
Executed on rising edge of CAL
100
ms
Timing Specifications (JTAG Interface Mode)
T
A
= 25
C; V
S
= +5.0V (Unless otherwise specified)
tckmin
tckh
tckl
tmss
tdis
tmsh
tdih
tdozx
tdov
tdoxz
TCK
TMS
TDI
TDO
tmss
tmss
TCK
TMS
tpwp, tpwe
*(PRGUSR/UBE executed in
Run-Test/Idle state)
CAL
(Note: CAL internally
initiated at device turn-on.)
V
OUT
= 0V
DIFF
V
OUT
tpwcal1, tpwcal2
tcalmin
*Note: During device JTAG programming, analog output response will deviate from expected behavior. This is because all
configuration information is erased and then re-written as part of a normal programming cycle, momentarily changing device filter
and gain parameters. Behavior will deviate from that expected during both of these steps since the analog outputs are not clamped
during a programming cycle. During erase, a drop in the filter corner frequency and an automatic change to the 10X gain setting
can be expected (80ms minimum by specification) and will continue until bits go to there final state after a JTAG write command
is issued (less than 2ms later, though the write cycle must still be maintained for a full 80ms to achieve specified data retention).
Specifications
ispPAC80
6
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Dynamic Performance
tckmin
Minimum Clock Period
200
ns
tckh
TCK High Time
100
ns
tckl
TCK Low Time
100
ns
tcss
CS Setup Time
20
ns
tcsminhi
Minimum CS Pulse Widths
40
ns
tdis
TDI Setup Time
15
ns
tdih
TDI Hold Time
10
ns
tdozx
TDO Float to Valid Delay
60
ns
tdov
TDO Valid Delay
60
ns
tdoxz
TDO Valid to Float Delay
60
ns
Timing Specifications (SPI Interface Mode)
T
A
= 25
C; V
S
= +5.0V (Unless otherwise specified)
tckmin
tcsminhi
tckl
tckh
tcss
tdis tdih
tdozx
hi-z
hi-z
tdov
tdoxz
TCK
CS
TDI
TDO
Specifications
ispPAC80
7
Pin(s)
Symbol
Name
Description
1
TMS
Test Mode Select
Serial interface logic mode select pin (input). JTAG interface mode only.
2
TCK
Test Clock
Serial interface logic clock pin (input). JTAG interface mode only.
3
TDI
Test Data In
Serial interface logic pin (input) for both JTAG and SPI operation modes.
Input data valid on rising edge of TCK (JTAG), or on rising edge of CS (SPI).
4
TDO
Test Data Out
Serial interface logic pin (output) for both JTAG and SPI operation modes.
Input data valid on falling edge of TCK (JTAG), or on rising edge of CS (SPI).
5
CS
Chip Select
Chip select logic input pin. SPI data latch.
6
CAL
Auto-Calibrate
Digital pin (input). Commands an auto-calibration sequence on a rising edge.
7
ENSPI
Enable SPI Mode
Enable SPI logic input pin. When high, causes serial port to run in SPI mode.
8
GND
Ground
Ground pin. Should normally be connected to the analog ground plane.
9
VREFout
Common-Mode
Common-mode voltage reference output pin (+2.5V nominal). Must be
Reference
bypassed to GND with a 1
F capacitor.
10, 11
IN
Inputs (+ or -)
Differential input pins, using two pins (e.g., IN+ and IN-). Plus or minus
components of V
IN
, where differential V
IN
= V
IN+
- V
IN-
.
12, 15
TEST
Test Pin
Test pin. Connect to GND for proper circuit operation.
13, 14
OUT
Outputs (+ or -)
Differential output pins, using two pins (e.g., OUT+ and OUT-).
Complementary with respect to V
REFOUT
. Differential V
OUT
= V
OUT+
- V
OUT-
.
16
VS
Supply Voltage
Analog supply voltage pin (5V nominal). Should be bypassed to GND with 1
F
and .01
F capacitors.
Pin Descriptions
Connection Notes
1. All inputs and outputs are labeled with plus (+) and minus (-) signs. Polarity is labeled for reference and can be
selected externally by reversing pin connections.
2. All analog output pins are "hard-wired" to internal output devices and should be left open if not used. V
OUT+
and
V
OUT-
should not be tied together as unnecessary power will be dissipated.
3. When the signal input is single-ended, the other half of the unused differential input must be connected to a DC
common-mode reference (usually V
REFOUT
, 2.5V).
Specifications
ispPAC80
8
5
0
10
15
20
25
30
Percentage of Devices (%)
Offset Tempco (
V/C)
3 Wafer Lots
PDIP Pkg
-40C to +85C
-100
-50
0
50
100
-80 dB
-40 dB
0 dB
10kHz
100kHz
1MHz
Stopband
attenuation
variation over
process < 0.9dB
Elliptical filter
cc051042
Passband ripple
variation over
process < 0.02dB
Typical Performance Characteristics
THD vs. Frequency
V
OS
Tempco
Filter Variation (3 Sigma)
50 kHz Corner Freq. Error
200 kHz Corner Freq. Error
500 kHz Corner Freq. Error
Noise V
oltage (nV
Hz)
1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M
Frequency (Hz)
100
10
1K
10K
G = 1
G = 10
(Referred to Input)
10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M
Frequency (Hz)
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Common Mode Rejection (dB)
Elliptical filter
cc051042
Fc = 50kHz
Elliptical filter
cc051042
Fc = 500kHz
100 1k 10k 100k 1M
Frequency (Hz)
40
30
50
60
70
80
90
P
o
w
er Supply Rejection (dB
)
1k 10k 100k 1M
Frequency (Hz)
-95
-100
-90
-85
-80
-75
-70
T
otal Har
monic Distor
tion (dB)
G = 10
G = 1
Elliptical filter
cc051042
Fc = 500kHz
Input Noise Spectrum
CMR vs. Frequency
PSR vs. Frequency
10
15
20
25
30
200 Units
PDIP Pkg
Elliptical filter
cc051042
P
ercentage of De
vices (%)
Corner Frequency Error (%)
-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1
1.5 2
2.5
5
10
15
20
25
30
200 Units
PDIP Pkg
Elliptical filter
cc051042
P
ercentage of De
vices (%)
Corner Frequency Error (%)
-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0
0.5
1 1.5
2
2.5
5
10
20
30
40
50
200 Units
PDIP Pkg
Elliptical filter
cc051042
P
ercentage of De
vices (%)
Corner Frequency Error (%)
-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0
0.5
1
1.5 2
2.5
Specifications
ispPAC80
9
Theory of Operation
Reference Configuration
In the specifications table, specific filter configurations
are referred to, such as the CC051042. This is simply a
shorthand notation for the classical filter type that in-
cludes all the characteristic parameters of the particular
configuration. In this case, the CC refers to complete
Chebyshev, or a Chebyshev ripple response in both the
pass and stopbands of the filter. Another common name
for this type of filter is the Elliptic family of filters. The next
set of numbers, "05" refers to the order of the filter. In the
case of ispPAC80 this will always be fifth order. The next
two digits signify the reflection coefficient (rf), in this case
10%, and has a direct mathematical relationship to the
passband ripple magnitude of the filter, where the pass-
band ripple expressed in dB = 10*Log(1-rf
2
). The final two
digits are the passband to stopband attenuation ratio
expressed as an angle, in this case 42 degrees or 1.49
(1/sin((
/180)*42)). This configuration corresponds to
the elliptical filter with the ID# 3083 (Fp=50.00kHz;
Fc=56.23kHz) in the filter configuration database utility of
PAC-Designer. Because of the almost limitless number
of configurations realizable with ispPAC80, standard test
configurations had to be chosen. The Elliptical family was
chosen since it has many parameters that can be easily
and directly measured to insure that all the internal
circuits of ispPAC80 are operating correctly.
SPI Power-On Condition
The SPI shift register is always reset to all zeroes when
an ispPAC80 powers on. That means that if the ENSPI
pin is high at power on, the initial configuration will be set
to a gain of 1X (0dB) and configuration "A" is selected as
the "wake-up" configuration. The only way to prevent this
behavior would be to hold the ENSPI pin low while
applying power to the device. Because this is usually
impractical, it is advised that if the ispPAC80 is used in
SPI mode that it be reloaded to the desired first configu-
ration every time power is cycled to the device and/or that
A1
A3
A4
A5
A1
A2
C1
L2
C3
L4
C5
C231
C213
C435
C453
R11 100K
R55
200K
R21
100K
R32
-100K
R43
100K
R54
-200K
R12
-100K
R23
100K
R34
-100K
R45
100K
Vin
Vout
V4
V3
V2
V1
Rin
100K
,
,,
...
Figure 1. Simplified ispPAC80 Filter Core Schematic
VOUT
VIN
- G (L L C C )s
( L G C
G L C ) s
G
s
s
=
+
+
+


+



+
+
+


+
+
+
2
2
4
4
2 4
2
2
2
2
4
4
2
4
5
4
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
-(L2 C42 L4 C1)
2( L2 C1 C3 L4 C5) - 2(C22 L2 L4 C5)
-(L2 G C42 L4)
L2 C1 C3 L4 G) - (C22 L2 L4 G)
2(L2 G C3 L4 C5)
(L2 C1 C3 G2
L2 G2 C3 L4) - (G2 L4 C42
2(G2
2 L4 C5 C3) - 4(G2 L4 C5 C2)
2(L2 C5 G3 ) - 2(G3 L4 C2)
G3 L4 C3)
L2 G3 C1)
2(G3 L4 C5) - 2( L2 C4 G3
G3 C1 L4)
L2 C3 G3 ) s2
2(G4 C5)
G

+
+

+
+
+
+
+
+


+
+
- L C C G
G C L C
L C G C - C
L G
s
2 2
1 4
2
2
2
1 4
5
2 2
5
2
1
22
2
2
3
(
)
(
)
(
) (
)
(
(
)
(
(
( 4
4 C3) - 2(G4 C4) G4 L4) G4 C1) L2 G4) - 2(G4 C2) s
2 G5
+
+
+


+



(
(
(
Specifications
ispPAC80
10
Theory of Operation (Continued)
PG2
bit-7
PG1
bit-6
A/B
bit-5
CAL
bit-4
X
bit-3
X
bit-2
X
bit-1
X
bit-0
Table 1. SPI Control Bit Sequence
Table 2. Gain Bit Settings
1X (0dB)
0
2X (6dB)
1
5X (14dB)
0
10X (20dB)
1
PG1
0
0
1
1
PG2
Gain Setting
Symbol
Name
Description
FreqRange Bit
Hi/Lo Frequency Range Bit
Depending on the corner frequency, the frequency range bit is automati-
cally set from within PAC-Designer to optimize the transfer function
response of the ispPAC80. Exists for both the A and B user strings. Can be
overridden from within PAC-Designer from the edit symbol dialog.
UES Bits
User Electronic Signature
These are uncommitted E2 bits that can be used to store device information
for future reference. The ispPAC80 contains 21 UES bits. These bits are
accessible from within PAC-Designer by using the Edit Symbol, UES Bits
command. Part of user configuration string A only.
Cap Bits
Capacitor Selection Bits
Varying length data words for each of the 7 configuration capacitors of the
ispPAC80. There is a complete set of 70 bits total for each user configura-
tion string, A and B.
A/B Bit
Initial Configuration Select
With the A/B bit set to "A" (a logic 0), the device will power up in the
configuration stored in user string A. The designations of A or B would have
been determined initially in the design environment using PAC-Designer.
It is also possible to designate the B user string as the initial or "wake up"
configuration, although this is not recommended as it blocks the algorithm
required to do a "blind" verification of the A configuration of a previously
programmed device. This is determined from within PAC-Designer in the
edit symbol dialog.
PG1 & PG2 Bits
Programmable Gain Bits
Contained only in the A configuration string. Can also be modified under
SPI control. Refer to Table 2 for bit setting specifics.
ESF
Electronic Security Fuse
Setting this bit causes all subsequent readouts of the device configuration
to be disabled (JTAG Verify commands). Can be reset by performing a
JTAG user (USRA) bulk erase commands and reprogramming the device.
This feature is used to prevent unauthorized readout of the device's
configuration.
Table 3. JTAG User Configuration Bits
the "A" configuration memory hold the desired "wake up"
filter response.
A/B Configuration
Two complete configurations can be stored in the E
2
memory of the ispPAC80. Selection of either the "A" or
"B" configuration in real time is accomplished with the
device in the SPI interface mode (ENSPI pin = logic high).
An eight-bit string is read into the ispPAC80 in the
following order: four "don't care" bits followed by a CAL
command bit, the A/B configuration setting and gain bits
PG2 and PG1.
JTAG User Bits
There are a number of user configured E
2
bits that control
various aspects of and can all be accessed somewhere
in either the pull-down menus or directly in the schematic
design entry screen of the PAC-Designer software inter-
face to the ispPAC80. See the online help associated
with the ispPAC80 in PAC-Designer for more details of
how to set/program various operation modes. The list of
control E
2
bits available is listed in Table 3.
Specifications
ispPAC80
11
V
CM-
V
CM+
G=1
G=2
G=5
G=10
1.000
4.000
0.557
0.278
0.111
0.056
1.100
3.900
0.728
0.364
0.146
0.073
1.200
3.800
0.899
0.450
0.180
0.090
1.300
3.700
1.071
0.535
0.214
0.107
1.400
3.600
1.242
0.621
0.248
0.124
1.500
3.500
1.413
0.707
0.283
0.141
1.600
3.400
1.584
0.792
0.317
0.158
1.700
3.300
1.756
0.878
0.351
0.176
1.800
3.200
1.927
0.964
0.385
0.193
1.900
3.100
2.098
1.049
0.420
0.210
2.000
3.000
2.270
1.135
0.454
0.227
2.100
2.900
2.441
1.220
0.488
0.244
2.200
2.800
2.612
1.306
0.522
0.261
2.300
2.700
2.783
1.392
0.557
0.278
2.400
2.600
2.955
1.477
0.591
0.295
2.426
2.574
3.000*
1.500*
0.600*
0.300*
2.500
2.500
3.126
1.563
0.625
0.313
Theory of Operation (Continued)
Differential I/O. Differential peak-peak voltage is deter-
mined by knowing the signal extremes on both differential
input or output pins. For example, if V(+) equals 4V and
V(-) equals 1V, the differential voltage is defined as V(+)
- V(-) = Vdiff, or 4V - 1V = +3V. Since either polarity can
exist on differential I/O pins, it is also possible for the
opposite extreme to exist and would mean when V(+)
equals 1V and V(-) equals 4V, the differential voltage is
now 1V - 4V = -3V. To calculate the differential peak-peak
voltage or full signal swing, the absolute difference be-
tween the two extreme Vdiff's is calculated. Using the
previous examples would result in |(+3V) - (-3V)| = 6V. It
can be immediately seen that true differential signals
result in a doubling of usable dynamic range. For more
explanation of this and other differential circuit benefits,
please refer to application note AN6019.
Single-ended Input. To connect the ispPAC80 differen-
tial input to a single-ended signal, one of the differential
inputs needs to be connected to a DC bias, preferably
VREF
OUT
. The input signal must either be AC coupled or
have a DC bias equal to the DC level of the other input.
Since the input voltage is defined as V
IN+
- V
IN-
, the
common mode level is ignored. The signal information is
only present on one input, the other being connected to
a voltage reference.
Single-ended Output. Connecting the output to a single-
ended circuit is simpler still. Simply connect one-half of
the differential output, but not the other. Either output
conveys the signal information, just at half the magnitude
of the differential output. The DC level of the single-
ended output will be VREF
OUT
. If the load is not AC
coupled and is at a DC potential other than VREF
OUT
, the
load draws a constant current. Using one of the differen-
tial outputs halves the available output voltage swing
(3V
p-p
versus 6V
p-p
). If the load requires DC current, the
amount available for voltage swing is reduced. The
output is capable of 10mA, so any DC current raises the
minimum allowable load impedance.
Input Common-Mode Voltage Range
For the ispPAC80, both maximum input signal range and
corresponding common-mode voltage range are a func-
tion of the input gain setting. The maximum input voltage
times the gain of an individual PACblock cannot exceed
the output range of that block or clipping will occur. The
maximum guaranteed input range is 1V to 4V, with an
extended typical range of 0.7V to 4.3V for a 5V supply
voltage.
The input common-mode voltage is V
CM
= (V
CM+
+ V
CM-
)/2.
When the value of V
CM
is 2.5V, there are no further input
restrictions other than the previously mentioned clipping
consideration. This is easily achieved when the input
signal is true differential and referenced to 2.5V.
When V
CM
is not 2.5V and the gain setting is greater than
one, distortion will occur when the maximum input limit is
reached for a particular gain. The lowest V
CM
for a given
gain setting is expressed by the formula, V
CM
= 0.675V
+ 0.584GV
IN
where G is the gain setting and V
IN
is the
peak input voltage, expressed as |V
IN+
- V
IN
| and the
highest V
CM
is V
CM+
= 5.0V - V
CM
where 5V is the
nominal supply voltage.
In Table 4, the maximum V
IN
for a given V
CM
to V
CM+
range is given. If the maximum V
IN
is known, find the
equivalent or greater value under the appropriate gain
column and the widest range for V
CM
will be found
horizontally across in the left-most two columns. Only a
V
CM
range equal to or less than this will give distortion-
free performance. Conversely, if the maximum V
CM
range is known, the largest acceptable peak value of V
IN
can be found in the corresponding gain column. All
values of V
IN
less than this will give full rated perfor-
mance.
Table 4. Input Common-Mode Voltage Range
Limitations
*Peak input voltage for guaranteed performance at a given gain setting.
Input Voltage Magnitude (Volts-Peak)
Specifications
ispPAC80
12
Software-Based Design Environment
Figure 2. Initial PAC-Designer Schematic Design Entry Screen
Design1
IA
1, 2, 5, 10
Type=Elliptic
Fc=50.0kHz
Fp=75.0kHz
PB Ripple=0.1dB
SB Atten.=-40.0dB
Cfg B
IN
OUT
Type=Butterworth
Fc=500.0kHz
Fp=
PB Ripple=
SB Atten.=
Cfg A
5th Order
Lowpass Filter
PACell
OA
A/B 2:1 Mux
Cfg A
1.970
5.140
5.256
0.000
0.000
6.332
1.020
Cfg B
32.113
38.492
28.512
4.890
14.726
66.918
17.486
C1
C2
L2
C3
C4
L4
C5
Design Entry Software
Designers configure the ispPAC80 and verify its perfor-
mance using PAC-Designer, an easy-to-use, Microsoft
Windows compatible program. Circuit designs are en-
tered graphically and then verified, all within the
PAC-Designer environment. Full device programming is
supported using PC parallel port I/O operations and a
download cable connected to the serial programming
interface of the ispPAC80. A database of filter configura-
tions is included with thousands of possible
implementations to choose from. In addition, compre-
hensive on-line and printed documentation is provided
that covers all aspects of PAC-Designer operation.
The PAC-Designer schematic window, shown in Figure
2, provides access to all configurable ispPAC80 ele-
ments via its graphical user interface. All analog input
and output pins are represented. Static or non-
configurable pins such as power, ground, V
REFOUT
, and
the serial digital interface are omitted for clarity. Any
element in the schematic window can be accessed via
mouse operations as well as menu commands. When
completed, configurations can be saved, simulated, and
downloaded to devices.
PAC-Designer operation can be automated and ex-
tended by using custom-designed Visual BasicTM
programs that set the interconnections and the param-
eters of ispPAC products. More information on this and
other topics is included in the on-line documentation as
well as the PAC-Designer Getting Started Manual.
Specifications
ispPAC80
13
PAC Designer - [Design1:2]
Ready
Curve:1 Vout1/Vin1
File Edit View Curve Tools Options Window Help
-140
-100
-60
-20
1K
10K
100K
1M
10M
-180
-240
-300
-360
-120
-60
0
1K
10K
100K
1M
10M
Design Simulation Capability
A powerful feature of PAC-Designer is its simulation
capability, enabling quick and accurate verification of
circuit operation and performance. Once a circuit is
configured via the interactive design process, gain and
phase response between any input and output can then
be determined. This function is part of the simulator
capability which derives a transfer equation between the
two points and then sweeps it over the user-specified
frequency range. Figure 3 shows a typical screen plot of
the gain/phase simulator. In it are the input to output
response curves of an Elliptical and a Butterworth re-
sponse stored in configuration A and B respectively.
These are the two options specified in the design screen
window shown in Figure 2.
The simulator is capable of displaying up to four separate
input to output responses. This allows multiple signals to
be viewed as well as intermediate results of component
changes so performance comparisons can be made.
There is also a user-positioned crosshair cursor that
intersects the curves on the plot, and reads out the gain
and frequency in the lower right hand corner of the plot
window when activated.
Software-Based Design Environment (Continued)
Figure 3. PAC-Designer Simulation Plot Screen
Specifications
ispPAC80
14
In-System Programmability
Figure 4. Configuring the ispPAC80 "In-System" from a PC Parallel Port
In-System Programming
The ispPAC80 is an in-system programmable device.
This is accomplished by integrating all high voltage
programming circuitry on-chip. Programming is performed
through a 5-wire, IEEE 1149.1 compliant serial port
interface at normal logic levels. Once a device is pro-
grammed, all configuration information is stored on-chip,
in non-volatile E
2
CMOS memory cells. The specifics of
the IEEE 1149.1 serial interface are described in the
interface section of this data sheet.
User Electronic Signature
A user electronic signature (UES) feature is included in
the E
2
memory of the ispPAC80. It contains 21 bits that
can be configured by the user to store unique data such
as ID codes, revision numbers or inventory control data.
Electronic Security
An electronic security "fuse" (ESF) bit is provided in every
ispPAC80 device to prevent unauthorized readout of the
E
2
CMOS user bit patterns. Once programmed, this cell
prevents further access to the functional user bits in the
device. This cell can only be erased by reprogramming
the device, so the original configuration can not be
examined once programmed. Usage of this feature is
optional.
Production Programming Support
Once a final configuration is determined, an ASCII format
JEDEC file is created using the PAC-Designer software.
Devices can then be ordered through the usual supply
channels with the user's specific configuration already
preloaded into the devices. By virtue of its standard
interface, compatibility is maintained with existing pro-
duction programming equipment, giving customers a
wide degree of freedom and flexibility in production
planning.
Evaluation Fixture
Included in the basic ispPAC80 Design Kit is an engineer-
ing prototype board that can be connected to the parallel
port of a PC. It demonstrates proper layout techniques for
the ispPAC80 and can be used in real time to check
circuit operation as part of the design process. Input and
output connections as well as a "breadboard" circuit area
are provided to speed debugging of the circuit.
ispDownload
Cable (6')
4
Other
System
Circuitry
ispPAC80
Device
PAC-Designer
Software
Specifications
ispPAC80
15
IEEE Standard 1149.1 Interface
Serial Port Programming Interface
Communication with the ispPAC80 is facilitated via an
IEEE 1149.1 test access port (TAP). It is used by the
ispPAC80 as a serial programming interface, and not for
boundary scan test purposes. There are no boundary
scan logic cells in the ispPAC80 architecture. This does
not prevent the ispPAC80 from functioning correctly,
however, when placed in a valid serial chain with other
IEEE 1149.1 compliant devices.
A brief description of the ispPAC80 serial interface fol-
lows. For complete details of the reference specification,
refer to the publication, Standard Test Access Port and
Boundary-Scan Architecture, IEEE Std 1149.1-1990
(which now includes IEEE Std 1149.1a-1993).
Overview
An IEEE 1149.1 test access port (TAP) provides the
control interface for serially accessing the digital I/O of
the ispPAC80. The TAP controller is a state machine
driven with mode and clock inputs. Under the correct
protocol, instructions are shifted into an instruction regis-
ter which then determines subsequent data input, data
output, and related operations. Device programming is
performed by addressing the user register, shifting data
in, and then executing a program user instruction, after
which the data is transferred to internal E
2
CMOS cells. It
is these non-volatile cells that determine the configura-
tion of the ispPAC80. By cycling the TAP controller
through the necessary states, data can also be shifted
out of the user register to verify the current ispPAC20
configuration. Instructions exist to access all data regis-
ters and perform internal control operations.
For compatibility between compliant devices, two data
registers are mandated by the IEEE 1149.1 specification.
Others are functionally specified, but inclusion is strictly
optional. Finally, there are provisions for optional data
registers defined by the manufacturer. The two required
registers are the bypass and boundary-scan registers.
For ispPAC80, the bypass register is a 1-bit shift register
that provides a short path through the device when
boundary testing or other operations are not being per-
formed. The ispPAC80, as mentioned, has no boundary
scan logic and therefore no boundary scan register. All
instructions relating to boundary scan operations place
the ispPAC80 in the BYPASS mode to maintain compli-
ance with the specification. The optional identification
register described in IEEE 1149.1 is also included in the
ispPAC80. One additional data register included in the
TAP of the ispPAC80 is the Lattice defined user register.
Figure 5 shows how the instruction and various data
registers are placed in an ispPAC80.
TAP Controller Specifics
The TAP is controlled by the Test Clock (TCK) and Test
Mode Select (TMS) inputs. These inputs determine
whether an Instruction Register or Data Register opera-
tion is performed. Driven by the TCK input, the TAP
consists of a small 16-state controller design. In a given
state, the controller responds according to the level on
the TMS input as shown in Figure 16. Test Data In (TDI)
and TMS are latched on the rising edge of TCK, with Test
Data Out (TDO) becoming valid on the falling edge of
TCK. There are six steady states within the controller:
Test-Logic-Reset, Run-Test/Idle, Shift-Data-Register,
Pause-Data-Register, Shift-Instruction-Register, and
Pause-Instruction-Register. But there is only one steady
state for the condition when TMS is set high: the Test-
Logic-Reset state. This allows a reset of the test logic
within five TCKs or less by keeping the TMS input high.
Test-Logic-Reset is the power-on default state.
When the correct logic sequence is applied to the TMS
and TCK inputs, the TAP will exit the Test-Logic-Reset
state and move to the desired state. The next state after
Test-Logic-Reset is Run-Test/Idle. Until a data or instruc-
tion scan is performed, no action will occur in Run-Test/
Idle (steady state = idle). After Run-Test/Idle, either a
data or instruction scan is performed. The states of the
Data and Instruction Register blocks are identical to each
other differing only in their entry points. When either block
Figure 5. ispPAC80 TAP Registers
BYPASS REGISTER
MUX
INSTRUCTION REGISTER
TEST ACCESS PORT
(TAP) LOGIC
ID REGISTER
USER REGISTER
TDI
TDO
TCK
TMS
OUTPUT
LATCH
Specifications
ispPAC80
16
is entered, the first action is a capture operation. For the
Data Registers, the Capture-DR state is very simple: it
captures (parallel loads) data onto the selected serial
data path (previously chosen with the appropriate in-
struction). For the Instruction Register, the Capture-IR
state will always load the IDCODE instruction. It will
always enable the ID Register for readout if no other
instruction is loaded prior to a Shift-DR operation. This,
in conjunction with mandated bit codes, allows a "blind"
interrogation of any device in a compliant IEEE 1149.1
serial chain.
From the Capture state, the TAP transitions to either the
Shift or Exit1 state. Normally the Shift state follows the
Capture state so that test data or status information can
be shifted out or new data shifted in. Following the Shift
state, the TAP either returns to the Run-Test/Idle state
via the Exit1 and Update states or enters the Pause state
via Exit1. The Pause state is used to temporarily suspend
the shifting of data through either the Data or Instruction
Register while an external operation is performed. From
the Pause state, shifting can resume by reentering the
Shift state via the Exit2 state or be terminated by entering
the Run-Test/Idle state via the Exit2 and Update states.
If the proper instruction is shifted in during a Shift-IR
operation, the next entry into Run-Test/Idle initiates the
Figure 6. Test Access Port (TAP) Contoller State Diagram
IEEE Standard 1149.1 Interface (Continued)
test mode (steady state = test). This is when the device
is actually programmed, erased or verified. All other
instructions are executed in the Update state.
Test Instructions
Like data registers, the IEEE 1149.1 standard also man-
dates the inclusion of certain instructions. It outlines the
function of three required and six optional instructions.
Any additional instructions are left exclusively for the
manufacturer to determine. The instruction word length is
not mandated other than to be a minimum of 2-bits, with
only the BYPASS and EXTEST instruction code patterns
being specifically called out (all ones and all zeroes
respectively). The ispPAC80 contains the required mini-
mum instruction set as well as one from the optional
instruction set. In addition, there are several proprietary
instructions that allow the device to be configured and
verified. For ispPAC80, the instruction word length is 5-
bits. All ispPAC80 instructions available to users are
shown in Table 5.
BYPASS is one of the three required instructions. It
selects the Bypass Register to be connected between
TDI and TDO and allows serial data to be transferred
through the device without affecting the operation of the
Test-Logic-Rst
Run-Test/Idle
Select-DR-Scan
Select-IR-Scan
Capture-DR
Capture-IR
Shift-DR
Shift-IR
Exit1-DR
Exit1-IR
Pause-DR
Pause-IR
Exit2-DR
Exit2-IR
Update-DR
Update-IR
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
Note: The value shown adjacent to each state transition in this figure
represents the signal present at TMS at the time of a rising edge at TCK.
Specifications
ispPAC80
17
ispPAC80. The bit code of this instruction is defined to be
all ones by the IEEE 1149.1 standard.
The required
SAMPLE/PRELOAD instruction dictates the
Boundary-Scan Register be connected between TDI and
TDO. The ispPAC80 has no boundary-scan register, so
for compatibility it defaults to the BYPASS mode when-
ever this instruction is received. The bit code for this
instruction is defined by Lattice as shown in Table 5.
The
EXTEST (external test) instruction is required and
would normally place the device into an external bound-
ary test mode while also enabling the Boundary-Scan
Register to be connected between TDI and TDO. Again,
since the ispPAC80 has no boundary-scan logic, the
device is put in the BYPASS mode to ensure specification
compatibility. The bit code of this instruction is defined by
the 1149.1 standard to be all zeros.
The optional
IDCODE (identification code) instruction is
incorporated in the ispPAC80 and leaves it in its func-
tional mode when executed. It selects the Device
Identification Register to be connected between TDI and
TDO. The Identification Register is a 32-bit shift register
containing information regarding the IC manufacturer,
device type and version code (see Figure 7). Access to
the Identification Register is immediately available, via a
TAP data scan operation, after power-up of the device, or
by issuing a Test-Logic-Reset instruction. The bit code
for this instruction is defined by Lattice as shown in
Table 5.
IEEE Standard 1149.1 Interface (Continued)
Table 5. ispPAC80 TAP Instructions
Figure 7. Identification Code (IDCODE) 32-Bit
Binary Word for Lattice ispPAC20
ADDUSR (address user register) instruction is a Lattice
defined instruction that selects the user register to be
shifted during a Shift-DR operation. Normal operation of
a device is not interrupted by this instruction. It precedes
a PRGA or PRGB (program user A or B) instruction to
shift in a new configuration from the user register into
either the A or B configuration memory, and follows a
VERA or VERB (verify user A or B) instruction to shift out
the current configuration of either A or B configuration
memory into the user register. The bit code for this
instruction is shown in Table 5.
The
PRGA and PRGB (program user A or B) are Lattice
instructions that enable the data shifted into the user
register to be programmed into the non-volatile E
2
CMOS
memory of the ispPAC80 and thereby alter either or both
of its two user configurations. The user register is a 96-
bit shift register that contains all the user-controlled
parametric data pertaining to the configuration of the
ispPAC80. NOTE: Although the user register length is
96 bits, only the "A" configuration is that long. The device
gain setting bits, UES bits, and security fuse bit are all
part of the "A" configuration memory and are not stored
at all in "B" memory, which only contains the unique
capacitor settings of that configuration. When initially
programming or reprogramming the ispPAC80 with soft-
ware other than PAC-Designer, or an authorized
third-party programmer (e.g., via microcontroller, refer to
the Lattice application note covering the required algo-
rithms necessary for complete JTAG device programming
control of the ispPAC80, specific bit assignments, word
lengths, etc.). Normal operation of the device is inter-
rupted during the actual programming time. A
programming operation does not begin until entry of the
Run-Test/Idle state. The time required to insure data
MSB
XXXX / 0000 0001 0010 0000 / 0000 0100 001 / 1
LSB
Version
(4-bits)
E2 Configured
Part Number
(16-bits)
0120h = PAC80
JEDEC Manfacturer
Identity Code for
Lattice Semiconductor
(11-bits)
Constant 1
(1-bit)
per 1149.1-1990
EXTEST
ADDUSR
ABE
BBE
VERA
VERB
PRGA
PRGB
ENCAL
External test. Default to BYPASS.
Address user data register (A or B).
User A bulk erase.
User B bulk erase.
Verify User A data register.
Verify User B data register.
Program User A data register.
Program User B data register.
Enable calibration sequence.
00000
00001
00010
00011
00100
00101
00110
00111
01100
Description
Code
Instruction
IDCODE
SAMPLE
Read identification data register.
Sample/preload. Default to BYPASS.
01101
11110
BYPASS
Bypass (connect TDI to TDO).
11111
TAP Inst/PAC80
Specifications
ispPAC80
18
IEEE Standard 1149.1 Interface (Continued)
retention is given in the TAP signal specifications table.
The user must ensure that the recommended program-
ming times are observed. The bit code for these
instructions is shown in Table 5.
VERA and VERB (verify user A or B) are the next Lattice
instructions and cause the current A or B configurations
of the ispPAC80 to be loaded into the user register. This
operation doesn't interrupt operation of the device. The
current configuration of either the A or B configuration
memory can then be shifted out of the user register
immediately after an ADDUSR instruction is executed.
NOTE: The verification of memory configuration "A" is
possible only when the A/B bit is set to a logic 0. This must
be taken into account if verify will be performed at a later
time on parts with unknown configurations (refer to the
Lattice application note covering the required algorithms
necessary for complete JTAG device programming con-
trol of the ispPAC80, specific bit assignments, word
lengths, etc.). If the A/B bit has been set to a logic 1, it will
not be possible to do a VERA command properly. The bit
code for this instruction is shown in Table 5.
ENCAL (enable calibration) is a Lattice instruction that
enables the start of an auto-calibration sequence. This
operation causes all outputs of the device to go to 2.5V
until the calibration sequence is completed (see timing
specifications). As with the programming instructions
above, calibration does not begin until entry of the Run-
Test/Idle state. The completion of the calibration is not
dependent, however, on any further TAP control. This
means the state of the TAP can be returned immediately
to the Test-Logic-Reset state. The only consideration
would be to not clock the TAP during critical analog
operations. The first several milliseconds of the calibra-
tion routine are consumed waiting for configurations to
settle, though, leaving more than enough time to clock
the TAP back to the Test-Logic-Reset state. The bit code
for this instruction is shown in Table 5.
The last Lattice instructions are
ABE and BBE (user A or
B bulk erase). Operation of the device is interrupted
during an ABE or BBE, during which all inputs are
disconnected and all outputs driven to VREFOUT (2.5V).
To economize internal circuitry, programming can only
be selectively done in one direction (from zeroes to
ones). The ABE and BBE are used to return all user bits
to a zero state at the same time. An ABE or BBE usually
proceeds a PRGA or PRGB operation, otherwise one to
zero changes would not be implemented. It can also be
used to erase all configuration information from a device
and is the default condition of parts shipped from the
factory. The same programming time constraints apply to
ABE and BBE as for PRGA and PRGB. The bit code for
this instruction is shown in Table 5.
The ADDUSR, BYPASS, EXTEST, IDCODE and
SAMPLE/PRELOAD instructions are all executed in the
Update-IR state. Other instructions: PRGUSR, VERUSR
and UBE are executed upon entry of the Run-Test/Idle
state.
It is recommended that when all serial interface opera-
tions are completed, the TAP controller be reset and left
in the Test-Logic-Reset state (the power-up default) and
the TCK and TMS inputs idled. This will insure the best
analog performance possible by minimizing the effects of
digital logic "feed-through."
Specifications
ispPAC80
19
Package Diagrams
16-Pin Plastic PDIP
Dimensions in Inches MIN./MAX.
(Dimensions in millimeters, shown in parenthesis, are for reference only)
.008 / .012
(.20 / .31)
0-15
.195 (4.95) MAX
.015 /.022
(.38 / .56)
.055 /.065
(1.40 / 1.65)
.745 / .755
(18.92 / 19.18)
.300 / .325
(7.61 / 8.25)
.240 / .260
(6.10 / 6.60)
.100 (2.54) BSC
.125 / .135
(3.17 / 3.43)
.015 (.38) MIN
0
8
.024 (.61)
.040 (1.02)
.292 (7.42)
.299 (7.59)
.400 (10.16)
.410 (10.41)
.014 (.35)
.019 (.48)
.050 (1.27) BSC
.402 (10.21)
.412 (10.46)
.0091 (.23)
.0125 (.32)
.097 (2.46)
.104 (2.64)
.0050 (.127)
.0115 (.292)
16-Pin Plastic SOIC
Dimensions in Inches MIN./MAX.
(Dimensions in millimeters, shown in parenthesis, are for reference only)