FEDL2201-01

1Semiconductor

This version: Mar. 2000

ML2201-XXX

Speech Synthesizer LSI with on-chip 384K Mask ROM

1/20

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The ML2201 is a PCM-based speech synthesizer LSI having an on-chip 384K Mask ROM, D/A Converter and
Low Pass Filter. Utilizing the serial interface enables smaller footprint packaging, which makes the chip an ideal
choice for a pre-recorded message subsystem used with today's size-critical applications.

FEATURES

Sampling Frequency (Selectable for each single phrase)
4.0/5.3/6.4/8.0/10.6/12.8/16.0 kHz

On-chip 384 Kbit Mask ROM

Maximum Playback Time (At f

EXTCLK

= 4.096 MHz)

12.0 sec

At f

SAM

= 4.0 kHz

6.0 sec

At f

SAM

= 8.0 kHz

3.0 sec

At f

SAM

= 16.0 kHz

External Clock Frequency Range *
f

EXTCLK

= 3.5 to 4.096 MHz (Typ.) to 17.0 MHz

On-chip Phrase Control Table

Maximum Number of Phrases:

31 Phrases

Built-in 10-bit Current-Output Type D/A Converter

Built-in LPF

Packaging:

8-pin Plastic SSOP (SSOP8-P-44-0.65-K)

(Product Code: ML2201-XXX MBZ060)

Power Supply Voltage:

+2.0 to +5.5 V

* Note:

As of February 2000, ceramic oscillation on this chip is under development and thus the chip is not
functional with a ceramic oscillator. The manufacturer intends to add a ceramic oscillation option to the
chip. For more information on availability in commercial quantity, contact your sales representative.

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1Semiconductor

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PIN DESCRIPTION

Pin No.

Pin Name

I/O

Description

The playback trigger pin.
The number of pulses input to the

pin, while this pin is held "L",

determines the Phrase Address for playback. At the

's rising edge, the

phrase address data is loaded into the LSI and playback starts. When no
pulse input to

occurs while this pin is held "L", the LSI recognizes it as the

"Stop Code" that results in stopping playback.

The address input pin.
The number of pulses input to this pin, while the

pin is held "L",

determines the Phrase Address for playback.
When 32 pulses are input, the internal counter returns to its initial value, "0".

GND

The ground pin.

AOUT

The analog output pin.
Configured as N-MOS open drain, analog signal is output in the form of
change in output (attraction) current. While the

PDWN

pin being held "H",

this pin is sustained at 1/2 level and thus the current keeps on flowing.
When shifting to standby state and shifting back to ready state from
standby, the pop-noise canceller is put to work.

The power supply pin.
Insert a 0.1

F bypass capacitor between this pin and the GND pin.

The external clock input pin.
The ceramic resonator connection pin for ceramic oscillation option under
development.

Keep this pin open.
The LSI's operations may become unstable if this pin includes any
capacitive component.
The ceramic resonator connection pin for ceramic oscillation option under
development.

PDWN

The power down pin.
The LSI stays standby state while the pin being held "L".

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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

(GND = 0 V)

Parameter

Symbol

Condition

Rating

Unit

Power Supply Voltage

0.3 to +7.0

Input Voltage

Ta = 25°C

0.3 to V

+0.3

Storage Temperature

STG

55 to +150

°C

Power Drain Allowance

Ta = 25°C

250

RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS

(GND = 0 V)

Parameter

Symbol

Condition

Range

Unit

EXTCLK

= 3.5 to 4.5 MHz

+2.0 to +5.5

EXTCLK

= 3.5 to 13.5 MHz

+2.6 to +5.5

Power Supply Voltage

EXTCLK

= 3.5 to 17.0 MHz

+3.0 to +5.5

Min.

Typ.

Max.

MHz

= 2.0 to 5.5 V

3.5

4.096

4.5

= 2.6 to 5.5 V

3.5

13.5

= 2.7 to 5.5 V

3.5

14.5

External Clock Frequency

EXTCLK

= 3.0 to 5.5 V

3.5

17.0

Operating Temperature

40 to +85

°C

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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

DC Characteristics

= 2.0 to 5.5 V, GND = 0 V, f

EXTCLK

= 4.096 MHz, Ta = 40 to +85°C (unless otherwise specified)

Parameter

Symbol

Condition

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Unit

EXTCLK

14.5 MHz

= 3.0 to 5.5 V

0.85

EXTCLK

14.5 MHz

= 2.7 to 5.5 V

0.8

EXTCLK

13.5 MHz

= 2.6 to 2.7 V

0.85

"H" Input Voltage

EXTCLK

4.5 MHz

= 2.0 to 5.5 V

0.8

EXTCLK

14.5 MHz

= 3.0 to 5.5 V

0.15

EXTCLK

14.5 MHz

= 2.7 to 5.5 V

0.2

EXTCLK

13.5 MHz

= 2.6 to 2.7 V

0.15

"L" Input Voltage

EXTCLK

4.5 MHz

= 2.0 to 5.5 V

0.2

"H" Input Current

= V

"L" Input Current

= GND

= 5.5 V

EXTCLK

= 4.096 MHz

1.7

3.9

= 3.0 V

EXTCLK

= 4.096 MHz

0.9

2.1

= 2.0 V

EXTCLK

= 4.096 MHz

0.5

1.4

= 5.5 V

EXTCLK

= 16 MHz

4.6

12.0

Supply Current

Except AOUT
output current

= 3.0 V

EXTCLK

= 16 MHz

1.8

6.5

Ta = 40 to +70

Standby Current

Ta = 40 to +85°C

= 2.0 to 5.5 V

0.5

10.0

= 5.5 V

4.3

6.8

10.0

= 3.0 V

1.4

2.7

3.9

AOUT Output Current

AOUT

At max.
output current

= 2.0 V

0.5

1.2

2.2

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1Semiconductor

ML2201XXX

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AC Characteristics

= 2.0 to 5.5 V, GND = 0 V, f

EXTCLK

= 4.096 MHz, Ta = 40 to +85°C (unless otherwise specified)

Parameter

Symbol

Condition

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Unit

Clock Oscillation Duty Cycle

DUTY

Reset Input Time after Powering Up

RST

PDWN

Hold Time after Reset Input

PDH

D/A Converter Transit Time
(Pop-Noise Canceller Work Time)
Note *1

DAR

, t

DAF

PDWN

Setup Time

PDSS

Setup Time

SPS

Pulse Width

0.35

2000

Cycle Time

0.7

4000

Hold Time

SPH

AOUT Setup Time

Note *2

SAS

At f

SAM

= 8.0 kHz

1050

Phrase Stop Time
Note *2

DPS

At f

SAM

= 8.0 kHz

700

Silence Time between Phrases
Note *2

BLN

At f

SAM

= 8.0 kHz

700

Stop

Pulse Width

SSW

0.35

2000

Phrase

Pulse Duration

Note *2

At f

SAM

= 8.0 kHz

1050

Phrase

Stop

Pulse Duration

Note *2

At f

SAM

= 8.0 kHz

1050

Stop

Phrase

Pulse Duration

Note *2

At f

SAM

= 8.0 kHz

500

Sampling Frequency
Note *3

SAM

3.9

28.0

kHz

Note *1: The value changes in proportion to the external clock frequency, f

EXTCLK

Note *2: The value changes in proportion to the sampling frequency, f

SAM

Note *3: The sampling frequency is determined by the external clock frequency, f

EXTCLK

, and the dividing

factor that is selected for each phrase.

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TIMING DIAGRAMS

Timing Diagram at Powering On

PDWN

RST

PDH

Reset

Power Down

NOTE: The LSI's reset operation can be performed by using a level input combination of

PDWN

= "L",

= "L" and

= "H". After powering on, the initial reset operation is required at the above timing.

Timing Diagram at Powering Up and Standby State

PDWN

AOUT

1/2 I

AOUT

DAR

DAF

Timing Diagram for Playback

PDWN

......

PDSS

SPS

AOUT

SPH

SAS

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FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

Sampling Frequency

You can select a sampling frequency for each phrase address from the following list while you are working on
sound data. Select a sampling frequency that satisfies f

SAM

= 3.9 to 28.0 kHz from the values obtained with the

dividing factors as shown in the Table 1 below.

Table 1 Sampling Frequency

Sampling Frequency

At f

EXTCLK

= 4.096 MHz

Dividing Factor

4.0 kHz

EXTCLK

/1024

5.3 kHz

EXTCLK

/768

6.4 kHz

EXTCLK

/640

8.0 kHz

EXTCLK

/512

10.6 kHz

EXTCLK

/384

12.8 kHz

EXTCLK

/320

16.0 kHz

EXTCLK

/256

Memory Allocation and Playback Time Length

As shown in the Figure 1, the on-chip Mask ROM of ML2201 is partitioned into four areas, Phrase Control Table,
Address Control Table, Test Data area and User's Data area. The actual data area where user's sound data can be
stored is 378 Kbit, that is the total on-chip Mask ROM capacity minus 6 Kbit.

Phrase Control Table Area
Address Control Table Area
Test Data Area

User's Sound Data Area

2 Kbit
2 Kbit
2 Kbit

378 Kbit

Figure 1 On-chip Mask ROM (384 Kbit) Memory Allocation

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You can calculate playback time length with memory size divided by a bit rate. The following formula can be used
for 8-bit PCM-based ML2201;

Playback Time (sec) =

For example, when you store all phrases at 8.0 kHz Sampling Frequency, the maximum playback time is
calculated as follows;

Playback Time (sec) =

6.0 sec

Playback Algorithm

ML2201 uses

OKI

Non-Linear PCM algorithm, an advanced variation of PCM.

In mid-range wave-form, this algorithm has precision and quality equivalent to those of 10-bit Straight PCM.

Inserting Silence

In addition to playing normal recorded sound phrases, ML2201 allows you to insert silence (a silent phrase) . You
can define time length of silence freely in 32 ms steps, within the range of minimum 32 ms and maximum 992 ms
at f

EXTCLK

= 4.096 MHz. Those time length vary in proportion to the external clock frequency, f

EXTCLK

Phrase Control Table

The user-definable on-chip Phrase Control Table feature enables you to play back multiple phrases in a single
continuous session with just the same simple control as in a regular single phrase playback. You can assign up to 8
phrases including a silent phrase (s) to a single address. This allows you to get the most out of limited memory
space because you can eliminate duplicate sound data.

As an example, let's assume you want to create several similar phrases like "It will be xxxxx today". "xxxxx" can
be "sunny", "rainy" or "cloudy". The common words such as "It", "will be" and "today" are created separately as
an independent phrase, and phrasing order information is stored in the Phrase Control Table, as shown in the Table
2 and Figure 2.1. From the external control, simply selecting an X address causes the LSI to play multiple phrases
continuously. In this example shown in the Table 2, selecting [01] address starts to play "It will be fine today,
while selecting [02] "It will be rainy today".

You can also insert a silent phrase to the Phrase Control Table without consuming any memory space.
Minimum Time Length of Silence

32 ms

Maximum Time length of Silence

992 ms

Incremental Step

32 ms

Memory Size (Bit)

Bit Rate (bps)

Memory Size (Bit)

Ext. Clock Frequency (Hz)

(384 6)

1024 Bit

8000 (Hz)

8 Bit

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Table 2 Phrase Control Table Data

No.

X Address

(HEX)

Y Address (Phrasing Order)

(Up to 8 phrases)

Playback

[01]

[02]

Silence

[04]

[03]

It will be (Silence) fine today.

[01]

[02]

Silence

[05]

[03]

It will be (Silence) rainy today.

[01]

[02]

[04]

[09]

[06]

[0A]

[05]

[03]

It will be fine, later cloudy,
occasionally rainy.

1 E

1 F

Phrase Control Table Data

Address Control Table Data

No.

X Address

Phrasing Order

No.

Y Address

Phrase

[01] "It"

[02] "Will be"

will be

Silence (64 ms)

today

[05] "rainy"

fine

[03] "today"

rainy

cloudy

snowy

occasionally

later

in some area

Set length of silence

(32 ms

Length of

Silence

32 ms

64 ms

:
:
:

992 ms

Time unit of silence varies
in proportion to the dividing
factor of f

EXTCLK

Figure 2.1 Phrase Data Combination for Use with Phrase Control Table

FEDL2201-01

1Semiconductor

ML2201XXX

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Figur

e
2

.
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3rd Phra

2nd Phr

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FEDL2201-01

1Semiconductor

ML2201XXX

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External Clock Input

The Figure 3 shows wiring of an external timing source.
(A type of the external clock should be determined at selecting chip options.)

An external
timing source

Keep this
pin open

Figure 3 External Clock Input

* Note:

As of July 1999, ceramic oscillation on this chip is under development and thus the chip is not
functional with a ceramic oscillator. The manufacturer intends to add a ceramic oscillation option to the
chip. For more information on availability in commercial quantity, contact your sales representative.

FEDL2201-01

1Semiconductor

ML2201XXX

14/20

Low Pass Filter

ML2201's analog output goes through the built-in Low Pass Filter. The Figure 4 below shows Frequency
Characteristics and the Table 3 shows Cut-Off Frequency of the LPF.
The LPF's Frequency Characteristics and Cut-Off Frequency change in proportion to the sampling frequency. No
analog output directly from the D/A converter is unavailable on this chip.

100

1 k

10 k

[Hz]

[dB]

Figure 4 LPF Frequency Characteristics (f

SAM

= 8.0 kHz)

Table 3 LPF Cut-Off Frequency

Sampling Frequency (kHz)

SAM

)

Cut-Off Frequency (kHz)

CUT

)

4.0

1.2

5.3

1.6

6.4

2.0

8.0

2.5

10.6

3.2

12.8

4.0

16.0

5.0

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CONNECTING ML2201 TO A SPEAKER DRIVER

ML2201 uses a D/A converter of current-output type.
To connect ML2201 to a voltage-input type speaker driver, you should convert "Changes in Current" output to
"Changes in Voltage" signal. The following samples show connections of ML2201 and MSC1157 (OKI Speaker
Driver Amplifier) using a resistor (RL) for conversion.

SAMPLE CIRCUIT 1: AT V

= 5.0 V, MSC1157'S Ain AMPLIFICATION = 2.5 V

P-P

MCU

ML2201

MSC1157

P1.2

P1.1

P1.0

PDWN

ST
PI

AOUT

Ain

430

0.1

GND

0.1

STBY

SEL

4.7

+5 V

CLK

SAMPLE CIRCUIT 2: AT V

= 3.0 V, MSC1157'S Ain AMPLIFICATION = 1.5 V

P-P

MCU

ML2201

MSC1157

P1.2

P1.1

P1.0

PDWN

ST
PI

AOUT

Ain

510

0.1

GND

0.1 µF

STBY

SEL

4.7

+3 V

CLK

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ML2201XXX

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Co-relationship between output voltage and the value of a resistor for current-voltage conversion is shown in the
figure below. You may want to use the figure as a reference in determining a proper value for the resistor.

AOUT Voltage VS. AOUT Output Current at V

= 5.0 V

RL = 500

VAOUT (V)

)

RL = 200

RL = 5 k

e
r

i
n
g

h
i
f
ti
n

g
to

ndb

h
i
f
ti
n

g
to

ndb

e
r

i
n
g

h
i
f
ti
n

g
to

ndb

h
i
f
ti
n

g
to

ndb

(1)

t
RL =

200

vefor

t
p

u
t
show

(2)

t
R

5 k

Dis

tor

t
ed w

v
e

form a

nd o

v
i
ou

o
p

-
n

o
i
se sh

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ML2201XXX

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A SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS OF D/A CONVERTER OUTPUT CURRENT

(V)

A Sample Characteristics : Power Supply Voltage VS. AOUT Output Current

(Ta = 25°C, VAOUT = V

, PCM at Max. level)

100

A Sample Characteristics : Operating Temperature VS. AOUT Output Current

(VAOUT = V

, PCM at Max. level)

Ta (°C)

= 5 V

= 3 V

A Sample Characteristics: Voltage on AOUT Pin VS. AOUT Output Current

(Ta = 25°C, PCM at Max. level)

VAOUT (V)

= 5 V

= 3 V

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NOTES ON USAGE

Type of the Built-in D/A Converter
ML2201 has the built-in current-output type D/A converter and thus the design of analog output circuit is different
from the one with a voltage-output type D/A converter (e.g. MSM6650 family).
ML2201's D/A converter is designed as current attraction type with the same circuit configuration with the one
used on MSM9831. So, the analog output circuit is different from MSM9800 family that uses a current discharge
type D/A converter. (See the table below)

Product

D/A Converter Type

D/A Converter Output Circuit

ML2201

Current Output

N-MOS Open Drain

MSM9831

Current Output

N-MOS Open Drain

MSM9800 Family

Current Output

P-MOS Open Drain

MSM6650 Family

Voltage Output

A sample circuit of connecting ML2201 and an amplifier chip

D/A Converter

GND

AOUT

ML2201

A resistor for converting current to voltage

AMP

Direction of flowing current

A sample circuit of connecting MSM9800 family and an amplifier chip

D/A Converter

GND

AOUT

MSM9800 Family

A resistor for converting current to voltage

AMP

Direction of flowing current

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PACKAGE DIMENSIONS

Notes for Mounting the Surface Mount Type Packages

The surface mount type packages are very susceptible to heat in reflow mounting and humidity
absorbed in storage.
Therefore, before you perform reflow mounting, contact Oki's responsible sales person on the product
name, package name, pin number, package code and desired mounting conditions (reflow method,
temperature and times).

SSOP8-P-44-0.65-K

Package material
Lead frame material
Pin treatment
Package weight (g)
Rev. No./Last Revised

Epoxy resin
42 alloy
Solder plating (

5µm)

0.044 TYP.
1/May.12,1999

(Unit: mm)

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NOTICE

The information contained herein can change without notice owing to product and/or technical improvements.
Before using the product, please make sure that the information being referred to is up-to-date.

The outline of action and examples for application circuits described herein have been chosen as an
explanation for the standard action and performance of the product. When planning to use the product, please
ensure that the external conditions are reflected in the actual circuit, assembly, and program designs.

When designing your product, please use our product below the specified maximum ratings and within the
specified operating ranges including, but not limited to, operating voltage, power dissipation, and operating
temperature.

Oki assumes no responsibility or liability whatsoever for any failure or unusual or unexpected operation
resulting from misuse, neglect, improper installation, repair, alteration or accident, improper handling, or
unusual physical or electrical stress including, but not limited to, exposure to parameters beyond the specified
maximum ratings or operation outside the specified operating range.

Neither indemnity against nor license of a third party's industrial and intellectual property right, etc. is
granted by us in connection with the use of the product and/or the information and drawings contained herein.
No responsibility is assumed by us for any infringement of a third party's right which may result from the use
thereof.

The products listed in this document are intended for use in general electronics equipment for commercial
applications (e.g., office automation, communication equipment, measurement equipment, consumer
electronics, etc.). These products are not authorized for use in any system or application that requires special
or enhanced quality and reliability characteristics nor in any system or application where the failure of such
system or application may result in the loss or damage of property, or death or injury to humans.
Such applications include, but are not limited to, traffic and automotive equipment, safety devices, aerospace
equipment, nuclear power control, medical equipment, and life-support systems.

Certain products in this document may need government approval before they can be exported to particular
countries. The purchaser assumes the responsibility of determining the legality of export of these products
and will take appropriate and necessary steps at their own expense for these.

No part of the contents contained herein may be reprinted or reproduced without our prior permission.

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Document Outline

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Document Outline

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